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Gebied
The Village of Mastatal
Mastatal has a population of about 150 people and typifies rural Costa
Rica in this part of the country. Most of the inhabitants live from
the land. The people of Mastatal are reserved and incredibly kind. There
is a church, school, village store, sheriff and dispensary.
Manuel
Antonio National Park
This is one of Costa Rica’s most visited National Parks and is
located about an hour and fifteen minute drive southeast.. Sandy beaches,
cliffs, points, ravines, rivers, rainforest, varied wildlife and a very
hot climate are some of the components of Manuel Antonio National Park
on the Pacific coast, 7 kilometers south of Quepos Harbour.
The wildlife in the forest habitat consists mainly of white-faced capuchin,
howler and squirrel monkeys, pacas, grey squirrels, raccoons, white-nosed
coaties, and two- and three-toed sloths. Some of the bird species that
live in the park are the brown pelican, laughing falcon, black-collared
hawk, white ibis, white-bellied chachalaca, blue-crowned, manakin, fiery-billed
aracari, green kingfisher and jacana.
Besides the forest there are other habitats such as mangrove swamp,
lagoons, littoral woodland and island vegetation. The park houses a
total of 109 species of mammals and 184 of birds. Crabs abound in the
small intermittent lagoons covered with gramineous plants and heliconias,
a typical species being the brightly coloured mouthless crab that migrates
to the beach at the beginning of the rainy season. The lagoons are also
home to caymans, boa constrictors, grass snakes, white-nosed coaties
and raccoons. The islands and islets provide an important refuge for
seabirds, especially common terns and magnificent frigatebirds. Brown
pelicans inhabit Mogote and anhingas use Olocuita and Larga Islands
as a mating and nesting site.
In
the waters around the cliffs of volcanic-sedimentary rock, scientists
have identified 19 species of coral, 78 of fish, 24 of crustaceans and
10 of sponges. Manuel Antonio National Park was created as a recreation
area and from this point of view it provides certain facilities, such
as picnic areas and lookouts. Among the scenic sites, some of the most
attractive are: the tombolo at Cathedral Point, a long, sandy strip
that joins what was Cathedral Island to the mainland; the cove at Escondido
Harbour with blue-green waters surrounded by underwater caves and cliffs
pounded by the surf; and the beautiful beaches where sometimes olive
ridley and green turtles come to lay their eggs.
Carara
Biological Reserve
This beautiful Reserve is located about an hour and one half drive..
Carara is a region of mountain ranges, marshes, meanders, forests, swamps,
rivers and ravines, of crocodiles and macaws, of archaeological sites,
and a very hot and humid climate. This small reserve of 4,700 hectares
is located 4 kilometers southwest of the city of Orotina, as the crow
flies, in the lower river basin of the River Grande de Tárcoles,
which waters the Central Occidental or Westem Valley. It ranges from
the rolling alluvial lowlands to the steep slopes of volcanic and sedimentary
hills that rise 634 meters above sea level.
These
tropical dry forests of Carara are highly susceptible to forest fires,
an occurrence that takes place almost every year from January to April,
the season of strong winds.
Despite the fact that the reserve is small, remote and frequently visited
by poachers, it houses a very diverse wildlife. Over 100 pairs of scarlet
macaws, perhaps the most beautiful birds on the Pacific side of Costa
Rica, live and nest in the forests. Towards dusk they can be seen returning
to their roosts in the mangrove swamps at the mouth of the River Grande
de Tárcoles. The reserve also provides shelter for howler and
white-faced capuchin monkeys, white-tailed deer, red brocket deer, collared
peccaries, pacas, rattlesnakes and fer-de-lance snakes. Some of the
birds of the region are the black guan, great egret, turkey vulture
and laughing falcon. The swamps, an area where the river overflows,
are where cayenne wood-rails, raccoons, lizards and several species
of snakes and frogs find food and shelter. Anhingas, blue-winged teals,
roseate spoonbills, Mexican tiger-bittems and a large colony of boat-billed
herons (a curious bird with a beak in the shape of a boat) can be seen
in the lagoon formed by a meander in the ancient river basin. Crocodiles,
which can grow 3 meters long and are an endangered species, lie on the
shore here and also on the little beaches along the River Grande de
Tárcoles.
It
is easy to get to Carara Biological Reserve as it lies on the road between
Orotina-Jaco-Quepos-Manuel Antonio. Park Headquarters are located 2
kilometers south of the bridge over the River Grande de Tárcoles
Chirripó
National Park
Chirripo National Park encompasses an area of 50,150 hectares (approximately
195 square miles) and is part of La Amistad International Park (Costa
Rica-Panama). The park is located on the Talamanca Mountain Range, 20
kilometers Northeast from San Isidro de El General and about a 2 hour
drive.
Chirripo
means "Land of the Eternal Waters," and a hike to the summit
during the rainy season proves the aptness of this title. Throughout
the hike, one traverses numerous streams and brooks, and once atop Cerro
Chirripo Grande, an immense expanse of lakes and lagoons unfolds before
the viewer. High rainfall averages, steep topographic conditions, and
ancient geo-climatic phenomena explain the presence of the lakes and
lagoons, as well as glacial valleys. There are more than thirty small
lagoons, some of which disappear during the dry season.
The
flora in Chirripo National Park is one of the most complex and diverse
of Costa Rica. The park owes its diversity to its wide altitude range,
rising from 1500 m to 3819 m above sea level and to the unique microclimates
of the Pacific and Caribbean Slopes.
In the park we find three distinct life zones: low mountainous rain
forest (cloud forest of mid-altitudes), mountainous rain forest (cloud
forest of high elevations), and sub-alpine rain paramo (tundra-type
vegetation in the higher elevations of the range). The forest canopy
reaches heights of 40 meters over the understory, but with increasing
altitude, the height of the trees decreases precipitously, in the highest
oak forests we rarely find trees of more than 20 meters, and canes of
the genus Chusquea become more abundant.
The
cloud forest possesses oak, magnolia, and aguacatillo (main food for
quetzals) trees, as well as palm ferns. Mosses, ferns, and orchids blanket
the soil and trees, and the low temperature slows the decomposition
of organic matter, resulting in an accumulation of debris on the forest
floor. The cloud forest has tremendous animal diversity. Birdwatchers
may observe numerous species of brightly-colored birds, such as the
reclusive but resplendent quetzal, and all hikers will be entertained
along the trails by the singing of the jilgueros.
The
paramo is found above 3400 meters of elevation. This type of dwarf vegetation
is distributed along the high mountains of the tropical regions, and
represents the northern limit of the Neotropical Paramos. A high percentage
of the plants are endemic to this area, having adapted to the harsh
climatic conditions.
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